The anti-Semitism growing in the 1930s, the Second War and the Holocaust deepened Julian Tuwim's depression and sense of alienation. His fear was also intensified by anti-Semitic attacks on him in exile. In the photo Julian Tuwim (third from the left in the second row) in New York - 1944, celebrations of the first anniversary of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising. Photo PAP / Alamy Stock Photo
In the end, the author of “Kwiaty Polskie” naively decided that only communism would stop Nazism, and therefore Poland must be in alliance with the USSR. In 1946 he returned to Poland. The photo shows the poet's welcome at the airport. In the background: marshal Michał Rola Żymierski. Photo PAP / CAF
The Stalinist authorities of Poland, headed by the journalist, communist activist and propagandist Jerzy Borejsza, who then created a new world of journalism, literature and publishing, enjoyed the return of such a great name. The photo shows Borejsza, Tuwim and his wife Stefania on their way from the airport. Photo PAP / Bogusław Lambach
And this is how the pre-war “prince of poets” began to legitimize the People's Republic of Poland. In the photo : him in his apartment at Wiejska Street, 1946. Photo PAP / Stanisław Dąbrowiecki
The communist authorities adored him and dragged him into their snare. The photo shows Julian Tuwim with his wife Stefania on the terrace of his apartment at Wiejska Street. Photo PAP / Stanisław Dąbrowiecki
The return and life in the People's Republic of Poland was the end of the great poet. The photo shows the Tuwim's apartment at Wiejska St. Photo PAP / Stanislaw Dabrowiecki
As a “communists’ favourite” Tuwim wrote only 12 poems. Photo PAP / Stanislaw Dabrowiecki
Witold Gombrowicz wrote about him: “The end of Tuwim, I mean, his last years in People's Poland, how well deserved. (…) It was no coincidence that “lalala” led him to a palatial villa in Anin”. The photo shows the ruins of tenement houses in Wiejska Street, towards the Parliament (view from the terrace of Julian and Stefania Tuwim's apartment). Photo PAP / Stanisław Dąbrowiecki
Participants of the summer camp of the Youth Organization of the Workers' University Society (OM TUR) at a meeting with the poet Julian Tuwim in Otwock. Photo PAP / J. Żyszkowski
Meeting of the All-Slavic Committee in Warsaw, 1947. Party in the Belvedere gardens hosted by the President of Poland in honor of the participants. No. from the left: general A. Gundorow, Julian Tuwim, deputy minister of national defense, general Marian Spychalski. Photo PAP / Jerzy Baranowski
World Congress of Intellectuals in Defense of Peace, August 1948 in Wrocław. Among others there was Pablo Picasso, Albert Einstein sent a letter. The Soviet delegate, Alexander Fadeyev, attacked Western artists, including Jean-Paul Sartre and Thomas Eliot. In the photo next to Tuwim, there is the Soviet writer Ilya Erenburg (from the left) and the playwright Aleksander Korniejczuk. Photo PAP
The Unification Congress of the Polish Workers' Party (PPR) and the Polish Socialist Party (PPS), 1948 in the auditorium of the Warsaw University of Technology. 1st Congress of the Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR). In the photo, from the left: writers Aleksander Wat and Stanisław Ryszard Dobrowolski, chairman of the Polish Writers’ Union Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz and Julian Tuwim. In the presidium, from the left: Minister of Industry and Trade Hilary Minc, Zofia Dzierżyńska, President Bolesław Bierut. PAP
July 1953. Julian Tuwim with his wife Stefania at the Old Town Square, where they watch the finishing works before the first stage of reconstruction of the Old Town from war damage is completed. In the background, the west frontage of the market square – Kołłątaj’s Side (L) and the northern frontage – Dekert’ Side (R). Photo PAP
Julian Tuwim died on December 27, 1953 in the boarding house of ZAiKS “Halama” in Zakopane of a heart attack, at the age of 59. In the photo: honorary guard for the deceased poets, among others: actress Mira Zimińska-Sygietyńska (L), chairman of the State Council Aleksander Zawadzki (wearing glasses), Deputy Prime Minister Józef Cyrankiewicz (4R), secretary of the Central Committee of the Polish United Workers' Party Edward Ochab (2R). The poet’s funeral was held at the expense of the state on December 30.